What does vacuum (bara / barg) mean?
In technology, the term "vacuum" is always used when, under normal conditions, there is significantly less pressure than atmospheric pressure in a predefined vessel / room / tank. By removing the internal pressure, a mechanical, inwardly directed load builds up in a vessel / room / tank due to the external pressure. The technical vacuum can be divided into several qualities / categories. The vacuum created is defined according to the remaining amount of matter in the vessel / tank / room. In industry, the rough vacuum is mostly used, whereas in medical / chemical technology, fine vacuum and below is often used. Pascal (Pa), millibar (mbar) or Torr (torr / mmHg) is normally used as the unit of measurement.
Pressure range vacuum | Pressure in mbar |
Normal pressure | 1013,5 |
Rough pressure (low to medium) | 300 ... 1 |
Fine vacuum | 1 ... 10-3 |
High vacuum (HV) | 10-3 ... 10-7 |
Ultra high vacuum (UHV) | 10-7 ... 10-12 |
Extrem high vacuum (XHV) | < 10-12 |
Perfect vacuum (IV) | 0 |